This is my main genre so I know a bit..
Gundams are robots known as mobile suits from the Mobile Suit Gundam Franchise. Not all mobile suits are Gundams though, Gundams are one off prototypes (or very limited production runs) which work as test beds for mass production units. Modern series hand out Gundams like candy so every faction has some of them in some fashion. Their distinct features are the large V-fin on the forehead and the humanoid face with a goat-e on the bottom. Outside of that they can be almost any size and shape.
The one you got is the Super Gundam, which is a mid season upgrade to the Gundam MK-II, where it gets the G Defensor support unit. It appears in Zeta Gundam and ZZ Gundam as the hero's first Gundam and then later the hand me down when the newer machines start rolling out. You can find a video here covering the base MK-II, turn on Closed captions for subtitles. The video shows it in Titans colours, which is then repainted into AEUG colours which is the only colour scheme the Super Gundam comes in.
I think you got the High Grade Universal Century version, unless you posted the wrong picture in the post since it comes in different size kits. I did a brief article on it on my website if you want a quick run down of grades and scales here. In your case you got the most common and one of the easiest to build scales, the High Grade Universal Century is the work horse line of Gundam kits, sees a new release or two every month and is great for learning the fundamentals. The Super Gundam is a few years old so it doesn't have as many modern gimmicks but it's a great first build to learn how things go together and figure out things like panel lining. It will be snap fit and won't require any glue, but the V-fin benefits from it so it doesn't end up accidentally getting lost. If you're not comfortable painting then it comes with stickers which can be applied to the head to make it closer to the shows look. All the details molded so a steady hand will work better if you're comfortable with it. If you want to know know what you're in for or research any kits in the future Dalong.net has everything stock built and panel lined. Here's the HGUC Super Gundam page. If you're searching it make sure to set the language to English as it defaults to Korean.